外源茉莉酸对脂氧合酶基因LOX3敲除的粳稻防御响应的影响

Effects of exogenous jasmonic acid on defense response of lipoxygenase gene LOX3 knockout japonica rice

  • 摘要: 【目的】揭示外源茉莉酸(Jasmonic acid,JA)对脂氧合酶基因LOX3敲除水稻株防御响应的影响,为利用外源JA等激发子提高农作物因抗性相关基因丧失导致的水稻防御响应降低问题提供基础数据。【方法】以感病粳稻丽江新团黑谷(LTH)及其LOX3敲除水稻株系(Δlox3#1、Δlox3#10和Δlox3#20)为材料,开展水稻株高、分蘖数和百粒重等表型分析、过氧化物酶(POD)、活性氧(ROS)和木质素等抗菌化合物活性(含量)测定,以及防御相关基因表达分析;进一步对供试水稻进行稻瘟菌接种,调查供试水稻稻瘟病症状,检测稻瘟菌接种水稻中抗菌化合物活性(含量)及防御相关基因表达等,并观察稻瘟菌在水稻中的侵染进程;在此基础上,使用外源JA处理稻瘟菌接种36和48 hpi时的Δlox3敲除水稻株和LTH,分析JA对水稻稻瘟病症状及稻瘟菌侵染的水稻中抗菌化合物活性(含量)和防御相关基因表达等的影响,同时观察JA对稻瘟菌侵染进程的影响。【结果】Δlox3敲除水稻株种子发芽速度快于野生型,但株高、分蘖数和百粒重等与野生型相近;稻瘟菌接种的Δlox3敲除水稻株稻瘟病症状较稻瘟菌接种的野生型水稻严重,且胼胝质数、POD活性及木质素含量降低,ROS含量和死细胞数增加,OsWRKY45OsPR1aOsPOX1基因下调幅度和稻瘟菌菌丝定殖量明显高于稻瘟菌接种野生型水稻;外源JA可有效减缓稻瘟菌接种36和48 hpi的Δlox3敲除水稻株稻瘟病症状,且JA提高了稻瘟菌接种36和48 hpi的Δlox3敲除水稻株中胼胝质数、POD活性和木质素含量以及防御相关基因OsWRKY45OsPR1aOsPOX1表达水平,而降低了OsRbohB表达量及ROS含量和细胞死亡数,同时限制了稻瘟菌菌丝扩展;其中JA对稻瘟菌接种48 hpi的Δlox3敲除水稻株稻瘟病症状减轻效果优于JA对稻瘟菌接种36 hpi的Δlox3敲除水稻株,主要体现在JA使稻瘟菌接种48 hpi的Δlox3敲除水稻株中抗菌化合物增加幅度、防御相关基因表达水平、细胞死亡数和稻瘟菌菌丝扩展受限等优于JA处理稻瘟菌接种36 hpi的Δlox3敲除水稻株。【结论】LOX3基因敲除提升了水稻种子发芽速度而降低了水稻抗瘟性,外源JA则减缓LOX3敲除导致的水稻防御响应降低,提高了水稻抗瘟性。JA在减缓农作物因抗性基因持久性短而造成的抗性降低或丧失方面具有潜在的应用前景。

     

    Abstract: 【Objective】The purpose of the study was to reveal the effects of exogenous jasmonic acid(JA) on defense response of lipoxygenase gene LOX3 knockout rice plants, and to provide basic data for the use of exogenous JA and other exciters to improve the reduced defense response of rice caused by the loss of resistance related genes in crops.【Method】The susceptible japonica rice Lijiang Xintuan Heigu(LTH) and its LOX3 knockout rice lines (Δlox3 #1, Δlox3#10 and Δlox3#20) were used as materials. Phenotypic analysis including plant height, tiller number and 100-grain weight, detection of the antimicrobial compound activity(content) of peroxidase(POD), reactive oxygen species(ROS) and lignin, as well as analysis of the expression of defense-related genes were carried out. Further, the tested rice was inoculated with Magnaporthe oryzae, the rice blast symptoms of the tested rice were investigated, the activity(content) of antimicrobial compounds and expression of defense-related genes in M. oryzae inoculated rice plants were examined, and the inoculation process of M. oryzae in rice was observed. On this basis, exogenous JA was applied to M. oryzae inoculated Δlox3 knockout rice lines and LTH at 36 and 48 hpi. The effects of JA on rice blast symptom, activity(content) of antimicrobial compounds and expression of defense-related genes in M. oryzae inoculated rice were analyzed, and the effects of JA on the inoculation process of M. oryzae were also observed. 【Result】The seeds of Δlox3 knockout rice plants exhibited faster germination speed than that of the wild type, but the plant height, tiller number and 100-grain weight were similar to those of the wild type. The more serious blast symptom appeared on M. oryzae inoculated Δlox3 knockout rice plants than that on M. oryzae inoculated wild type rice. M. oryzae inoculated Δlox3 knockout rice plants exhibited lower number of callose, POD activity and lignin content, and higher ROS content and number of dead cells, and the magnitude of the down-regulation of OsWRKY45, OsPR1a, and OsPOX1 genes and the amount of M. oryzae hyphae colonization were greatly higher than that of M. oryzae inoculated wild type rice. Exogenous JA effectively alleviated rice blast symptom in Δlox3 knockout rice plants inoculated with M. oryzae for 36 and 48 hpi. Moreover, JA enhanced the number of callose, POD activity, lignin content and expression levels of defense-related genes OsWRKY45, OsPR1a and OsPOX1 in Δlox3 knockout rice plants inoculated with M. oryzae for 36 and 48 hpi, decreased expression of OsRbohB, ROS content and number of dead cells, and inhibited expansion of M. oryzae hyphae. The effects of JA on the alleviation of rice blast symptoms in Δlox3 knockout rice plants inoculated with M. oryzae for 48 hpi were better than those of JA on Δlox3 knockout rice plants inoculated with M. oryzae for 36 hpi. It was mainly reflected in the fact that JA induced a better increase in antimicrobial compounds, expression levels of defense-related genes, number of cell deaths, and inhibition of M. oryzae hyphae expansion in the Δlox3 knockout rice plants inoculated with M. oryzae for 48 hpi than in the Δlox3knockout rice plants inoculated with M. oryzae for 36 hpi under JA treatment. 【Conclusion】LOX3 gene knockout enhances rice seed germination speed and decreases rice blast resistance, while exogenous JA alleviates the decrease of rice defense response caused by LOX3 knockout and enhances rice blast resistance. JA has a potential application prospect in mitigating reduction or loss of crop resistance resulted from short durability of resistance genes.

     

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