多维度解析干燥方式对荔浦芋品质特性的影响

Multi-dimensional analysis of the effects of drying method on Lipu taro quality characteristics

  • 摘要: 【目的】从多维度解析不同干燥方式处理的荔浦芋品质差异性,为定向筛选荔浦芋的干燥加工方式提供理论依据。【方法】以条状和片状的荔浦芋为试材,采用热风干燥、热泵干燥、真空冷冻干燥和微波干燥4种干燥方式进行处理,对其品质特性、流变特性及微观结构进行测定,比较不同干燥方式的干燥效果差异。【结果】微波干燥处理的条状荔浦芋多糖含量最高,为1.178%,片状则表现为真空冷冻干燥处理的多糖含量最高,为0.976%,且真空冷冻干燥方式对不同物料形态多糖的含量影响小;不同干燥方式处理荔浦芋条、片的含水量和支链淀粉含量变化趋势一致,以真空冷冻干燥处理的芋头含水量和支链淀粉含量最低,其中芋头片含水量和支链淀粉含量分别为4.455%和1.920 mg/g,芋头条分别为3.395%和2.338 mg/g。4种干燥方式处理下的荔浦芋体系均表现为典型的剪切稀化行为,同一剪切速率下表观黏度和剪切应力均区别明显,从大到小依次为微波干燥>真空冷冻干燥>热泵干燥>热风干燥;条状芋头的表观黏度总体随多糖含量的增加而增加。真空冷冻干燥处理下的荔浦芋全粉微观上表现为光滑、完整的球状颗粒,而其他3种干燥方式处理的全粉在结构上均出现不同程度的破损、塌陷。【结论】真空冷冻干燥处理的荔浦芋含水量和支链淀粉含量低,且能最好地维持荔浦芋样品原始形状,干燥效果最优。

     

    Abstract: 【Objective】To analyze the quality variability of Lipu taro processed by different drying methods from a multi-dimensional perspective,and to provide theoretical basis for the drying and processing methods of Lipu taro in directional sieving order. 【Method】Lipu taro was used as a test material in strip and slice forms, and four drying methods, namely, hot-air drying, heat-pump drying, vacuum freeze drying and microwave drying, were used to determine the quality characteristics, rheological properties and microstructure, and to compare the drying effect of different drying methods. 【Result】The experimental results showed that microwave drying treatment of Lipu taro in strips had the highest polysaccharide content of 1.178%,while the slices showed the highest polysaccharide content of the vacuum freeze drying treatment, which was 0.976%,and vacuum freeze drying method had small effect on the content of polysaccharides in different material forms. The water content and amylopectin content of Lipu taro with different drying treatments had the same trend,and the water content and amylopectin content of Lipu taro with vacuum freeze drying treatment were the lowest,in which the water content and amylopectin content of taro slices were 4.455% and 1.920 mg/g,and that of taro strips were 3.395% and 2.338 mg/g,respectively. The Lipu taro systems under the four drying treatments all showed typical shear thinning behavior,and the difference in apparent viscosity and shear stress under the same shear rate was large,with the following order from large to small:microwave drying>vacuum freeze drying>heat-pump drying>hot-air drying. The apparent visco-sity of Lipu taro strips increased with the increase of polysaccharide content. Lipu taro powder under vacuum freeze drying treatment microscopically showed smooth and intact spherical particles,while that in the other three drying treatments showed different degrees of breakage and collapse in the structure. 【Conclusion】The water content and amylopectin content of Lipu taro treated by vacuum freeze drying are low, and the original shape of Lipu taro samples can be maintained best, and the drying effect is the optimal.

     

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