不同木薯品种对朱砂叶螨的抗性及生理基础研究

Resistance and physiological basis of different cassava cultivars to Tetranychus cinnabarinus

  • 摘要: 【目的】探究不同木薯品种对朱砂叶螨的抗性及其生理基础,为抗朱砂叶螨木薯品种的选育及应用推广提供参考。【方法】试验在木薯朱砂叶螨高发区进行,以6个木薯品种(桂热4号、华南205、桂垦26、华南124、南植199和西选09)为试验材料,试验期间朱砂叶螨自然危害。在朱砂叶螨危害高峰期过后,对不同木薯品种进行螨害情况调查和鉴定,计算叶片受害率、叶片脱落率和螨害指数;同时采集螨害叶片与健康叶片测定可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、总酚、黄酮和单宁含量及过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,比较分析不同木薯品种螨害情况与上述指标变化的关系。【结果】不同木薯品种对朱砂叶螨的抗性有明显差异,螨害指数为61.86%~91.34%,6个品种螨害指数排序为南植199>华南205>桂热4号(S)>华南124>桂垦26>西选09;南植199和华南205对朱砂叶满的抗性表现为高感,桂热4号、华南124和桂垦26号表现为感,西选09表现为中抗。西选09受螨害最轻,其叶片可溶性糖含量最低,总酚、黄酮和单宁含量及POD、CAT活性最高;南植199受螨害最重,其叶片可溶性糖含量最高,总酚、黄酮和单宁含量及POD、CAT活性最低,2个品种上述指示的差异均达极显著水平(P<0.01)。【结论】不同木薯品种对朱砂叶螨的抗性不同;叶片可溶性糖、总酚、黄酮和单宁含量及POD、CAT活性与木薯抗朱砂叶螨密切相关,可作为木薯抗朱砂叶螨评价的生理指标。

     

    Abstract: 【Objective】To explore the resistance and physiological basis of different cassava cultivars to Tetranychus cinnabarinus, in order to provide reference for the breeding and promotion of mite resistant cultivars. 【Method】Six cassava cultivars, including GR4, SC205, GK26, SC124, NZ199, and XX09 were used as materials. In areas with high incidence of cassava T. cinnabarinus, no control measures were taken and T. cinnabarinus were allowed to harm. After the peak period of harm of T. cinnabarinus, the mite damages of different cassava cultivars were investigated and identified.The contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein, total phenol, flavonoids, tannin and the activities of peroxidase(POD) and catalase(CAT) in the leaves of the injured and uninjured leaves were measured. The relationship between the changes of the indexes above and damage of T. cinnabarinus to different cassava cultivars was explored. 【Result】There were obvious differences in the resistance of different cassava cultivars to T. cinnabarinus, with a mite damage index of 61.86%-91.34%, the order of mite damage index for six cultivars was: NZ199>SC205>GR4>SC124>GK26>XX09.NZ199 and SC205 were highly susceptible to T. cinnabarinus, GR4, SC124 and GK26 were susceptible, XX09 was moderately resistant. The results showed that the contents of total phenol, flavone, tannin and the activities of POD and CAT in leaves of XX09, the least mite damaged cultivar, were the highest, and the content of soluble sugar was the lowest; and the contents of total phenol, flavone, tannin and the activities of POD and CAT were the lowest and the soluble sugar content was the highest in leaves of NZ199, the most mites severely damaged cultivar. The differences in these indicators between the two cultivars reached extremely significant level(P<0.01). 【Conclusion】It can be seen that different cultivars of cassava have different resistance to T. cinnabarinus, and the contents of soluble sugar, total phenols, flavonoids, tannins and the activities of POD and CAT in cassava leaves were closely related to cassava's resistance to T. cinnabarinus.They can be used as physiological indicators for evaluating cassava's resistance to T. cinnabarinus.

     

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