Otolith characteristics and incubation period estimation of larval and juvenile Siniperca knerii in the lower reaches of Liujiang River
-
摘要: 【目的】分析柳江下游大眼鳜（Siniperca knerii）仔稚鱼的耳石形态变化和微结构特征，明确该江段大眼鳜的生长和繁殖现状，为其资源保护及合理开发利用提供理论依据。【方法】以2022年采集的柳江下游大眼鳜仔稚鱼为试验材料，经50%乙醇麻醉后测量体长（mm），用解剖针挑取耳石；采用温度标记法确证矢耳石轮纹增量周期；通过显微镜观察矢耳石和微耳石形态特征并统计耳石轮纹数，利用耳石日轮技术推算其孵化日期；通过Image J测量矢耳石与微耳石的长（μm）、宽（μm）、周长（μm）和面积（μm2）等形态指标，并计算环率、矩形趋近率、椭圆度、辐形比、外形尺寸和圆度等形状指数，比较两类尺寸等级（体长≤13 mm和体长>13 mm）的大眼鳜矢耳石形态变化，对大眼鳜矢耳石形态指标与体长关系进行拟合，采用AIC（Akaike information criterion）准则选取最适模型，分析二者间的关系。【结果】2022年采集的大眼鳜样本微耳石轮纹数范围为3~9轮，矢耳石轮纹数范围为6~16轮，矢耳石标记轮纹数与标记时间呈线性相关，大眼鳜矢耳石轮纹增量具有日周期性，用日轮数N+3表示日龄，推算2022年柳江下游江段大眼鳜样本的孵化期为5月1日—8月8日。随着大眼鳜仔稚鱼的生长，矢耳石由近圆形发育成一端略尖的桃形，微耳石由近圆形发育成贻贝形，矢耳石相较于微耳石变化更明显。拟合大眼鳜矢耳石的长、宽、周长和面积4个形态指标与体长的关系，以线性模型为最佳拟合模型，两类尺寸等级的大眼鳜矢耳石形态指标与体长相关性均较强，第二类R2大于第一类，两类尺寸等级的线性模型拟合效果无显著差异，表明大眼鳜仔稚鱼在早期生活阶段耳石形态与体长呈线性相关，且在一段时间内相关性逐步增强。【结论】柳江下游大眼鳜仔稚鱼孵化期整体短于珠江流域鳜属鱼类的自然繁殖期，矢耳石更适合作为大眼鳜早期年龄鉴定的器官，耳石的大小可作为判断该物种早期生长现状的重要依据。Abstract: 【Objective】The purpose of the study was to analyze the morphological changes and microstructural characteristics of otolith in Siniperca knerii larval and juvenile fish in the lower reaches of the Liujiang River,and to explore the current growth and reproduction status of S. knerii in this section of the river,so as to provide theoretical basis for resource protection and rational development and utilization of S. knerii.【Method】The S. knerii larval and juvenile fish collected from the lower reaches of Liujiang River in 2022 were used as experimental materials. After anesthesia with 50% ethanol,the body length(mm) was measured,and the otolith was selected with anatomical needle. Temperature marking method was used to confirm the increment period of sagitta otolith marking ring. The morphological characteristics of sagitta otolith and lapillus otolith were observed by microscope and the number of otolith marking rings were counted. The incubation date was extrapolated using otolith daily increment technology. The morphological indices of length(μm), width(μm),circumference(μm) and area(μm2) of sagitta otolith and lapillus otolith were measured by Image J. And the shape indices such as circularity,rectangularity,ellipticity,aspect ratio,shape size and roundness were calculated. The morphological changes of sagitta otolith of S. knerii body length of two types of size classes(body length ≤ 13 mm and body length >13 mm) were compared,the relationship between the morphological indices of S. knerii sagitta otoliths and body length was fitted,and the optimal model was selected using Akaike information criterion(AIC)to analyze the relationship between the two.【Result】S. knerii samples collected in 2022 ranged from 3 to 9 lapillus otolith marking rings and 6 to 16 sagitta otolith marking rings. The number of sagitta otolith marking rings was linearly correlated with the marking time. The increment of S. knerii sagitta otolith marking rings was daily periodic,and the day age was represented by the number of daily rings N+3. It was estimated that the incubation period of S. knerii samples in the lower reaches of Liujiang River in 2022 was from May 1 to August 8. With the growth of S. knerii larval and juvenile fish,sagitta otoliths developed from near round to peach-shaped with a slightly pointed end,and lapillus otoliths developed from near round to mussel shaped. Changes of sagitta otoliths were more obvious compared to that of lapillus otoliths. The linear model was the best fitting model to fit the relationship between body length and four morphological indices:length,width,circumference and area of the sagitta otoliths of S. knerii. The correlation between the morphological indices of otoliths and body length of S. knerii in two size classes was strong. The R2 of the second class was larger than that of the first class,and there was no significant difference in the linear model fit effects between the two size classes. The results indicated that the otolith morphology of S. knerii larval and juvenile fish was linearly correlated with body length in the early life stage,and the correlation gradually increased in a period of time.【Conclusion】The incubation period of S. knerii larval and juvenile fish in the lower reaches of the Liujiang River is overall shorter than the natural breeding period of Siniperca fishes in the Pearl River Basin. Sagitta otolith is a more suitable organ for early age identification of S. knerii,and the size of the otolith can be used as an important basis for judging the early growth status of this species.
-
-
毕雪娟. 2015. 长江口凤鲚繁殖生物学及HSI评估[D]. 上海:上海海洋大学.[Bi X J. 2015. The reproductive biology and preliminary assessment of habitat suitability of Coilia mystus in the Yangtze estuary[D]. Shanghai:Shanghai Ocean University.] 窦硕增,于鑫,曹亮. 2012. 鱼类矢耳石形态分析及其在群体识别中的应用实例研究[J]. 海洋与湖沼,43(4):702-712.[Dou S Z,Yu X,Cao L. 2012. Otolith shape analysis and its application in fish stock discrimination:A case study[J]. Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,43(4):702-712.] 管兴华,曹文宣. 2007. 利用耳石日轮技术研究长江中游草鱼幼鱼的孵化期及生长[J]. 水生生物学报,31(1):18-23.[Guan X H,Cao W X. 2007. Study on the hatch date and growth of juvenile grass carp from middle reaches of the Yangtze River using daily increment technology[J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,31(1):18-23.]doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-3207.2007.01.003. 何滔,肖志忠,刘清华,李军. 2012. 条石鲷早期发育阶段的生长模式[J]. 水产学报,36(8):1242-1248.[He T,Xiao Z Z,Liu Q H,Li J. 2012. Allometric growth in rock bream larvae(Oplegnathus fasciatus Temminck et Schlegel 1844)[J]. Journal of Fisheries of China,36(8):1242-1248.]doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1231.2012.27805. 黄海博. 2021. 柳江下游三种仔稚鱼的耳石形态与生长及其与环境关系研究[D]. 桂林:桂林理工大学.[Huang H B. 2021. Study on otolith morphology and growth of three kinds of larval and juvenile fish and their relationship with environment in the lower reaches of the Liujiang River[D]. Guilin:Guilin University of Technology.]doi: 10.27050/d.cnki.gglgc.2021.000601. 李红敬. 2008. 珠江水系大眼鳜的食性研究[J]. 水利渔业, 28(4):66-68.[Li H J. 2008. Study on feeding habits of Siniperca knerii in the Pearl River System[J]. Water Conservancy Fisheries,28(4):66-68.]doi:10.15928/j. 1674-3075.2008.04.033. 李忠利,梅杰,黄辉,饶振祺,邹陈海,何勇. 2017. 乌江中华倒刺鲃仔、稚鱼耳石的形态发育与生长[J]. 水生态学杂志, 38(5):80-86.[Li Z L,Mei J,Huang H,Rao Z Q,Zou C H,He Y. 2017. Otolith development in larval and juvenile qingbo Spinibarbus sinensis of Wujiang River[J]. Journal of Hydroecology,38(5):80-86.]doi:10.15928/j.1674-3075. 2017.05.011. 梁秩燊,易伯鲁,余志堂. 2019. 江河鱼类早期发育图志[M]. 广州:广东科技出版社.[Liang Z S,Yi B L,Yu Z T. 2019.A photographic guide to early development of fish in rivers[M]. Guangzhou:Guangdong Science & Technology Press.] 刘凌志,李桂峰,陈石娟,卢薛,罗渡,王贺. 2012. 广西龟石水库大眼鳜的年龄与生长特征[J]. 中国水产科学,19(2):229-236.[Liu L Z,Li G F,Chen S J,Lu X,Luo D,Wang H. 2012. Age and growth of bigeye mandarinfish(Siniperca kneri)in Guishi Reservoir,Guangxi Province[J]. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,19(2):229-236.]doi:10. 3724/SP.J.1118.2012.00229. 区又君,廖锐,李加儿,勾效伟. 2014. 采用耳石日轮研究珠江口黄唇鱼幼鱼的产卵期及生长[J]. 生态科学,33(2):209-212.[Ou Y J,Liao R,Li J R,Gou X W. 2014. Studies on the spawning period and growth of young Bahaba flavolabiata in estuary of Pearl River by otolith determination[J]. Ecological Science,33(2):209-212.]doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-8873.2014.02.001. 宋骏杰. 2018. 耳石和听沟形态分析方法及其在三种石首科鱼类群体判别中的应用[D]. 北京:中国科学院大学.[Song J J. 2018. Otolith and sulcus morphology analyses and their applications in stock discrimination of three Sciaenids[D]. Beijing:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences.] 宋昭彬. 2000. 四大家鱼仔幼鱼耳石微结构的特征及其应用研究[D]. 武汉:中国科学院水生生物研究所.[Song Z B. 2000. Studies on the characteristics of otolith microstructure in larval and junenile grass carp,silver carp,black carp and bighead from the Yangtze River[D]. Wuhan:Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences.] 王广军,谢骏,庞世勋,余德光. 2006. 珠江水系大眼鳜的繁殖生物学[J]. 水产学报,30(1):50-55.[Wang G J,Xie J,Pang S X,Yu D G. 2006. Reproductive biology of Siniperca kneri in Pearl River water system[J]. Journal of Fisheries of China,30(1):50-55.]doi:10.3321/j. issn:1000-0615. 2006.01.008. 尉晓英,段咪,朱国平. 2020. 博氏南冰䲢耳石外型特征参数及其对体长变化预测的研究[J]. 极地研究,32(2):226-235.[Wei X Y,Duan M,Zhu G P. 2020. Otolith morphological feature of bald notothen(Pagothenia borchgrevinki)and its prediction for change in fish length[J]. Chinese Journal of Polar Research,32(2):226-235.]doi: 10.13679/j.jdyj.20190042. 向建国,向劲,王星璐,李钟杰,谢松光. 2011. 湘江鳡仔稚鱼个体和耳石生长发育研究[J]. 水生生物学报,35(5):817-822.[Xiang J G,Xiang J,Wang X L,Li Z J,Xie S G. 2011. Somatic and lapillus otolith ontogenetic growth and development in larval and juvenile Elopichthys bambusa Richardson in the Xiang River[J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,35(5):817-822.]doi:10.3724/SP.J.1035.2011.00 817. 薛慧敏. 2019. 珠江大眼鳜早期资源发生的温度机制研究[D]. 上海:上海海洋大学.[Xue H M. 2019. Study on the temperature mechanism of early resource occurrence of Siniperca kneri in Pearl River[D]. Shanghai:Shanghai Ocean University.]doi:10.27314/d.cnki.gsscu.2019.0001 26. 严太明,张松培,何亮,罗杰,何智. 2019. 松潘裸鲤仔稚鱼耳石生长轮日周期确证及其孵化期推算[J]. 水生生物学报,43(5):1034-1040.[Yan T M,Zhang S P,He L,Luo J, He Z. 2019. Characteristics of hatching time and daily increments confirmation of otolith in Gymnocypris potanini larvae and juvenile[J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,43(5):1034-1040.]doi: 10.7541/2019.122. 杨慧荣,欧阳徘徊,李桂峰,孙际佳,夏雨,王紫钰,刘丽. 2016. 珠江流域3个野生大眼鳜群体的形态差异[J]. 中国水产科学,23(2):447-457.[Yang H R,Ouyang P H,Li G F,Sun J J,Xia Y,Wang Z Y,Liu L. 2016. Morphological differentiation among three wild populations of Siniperca kneri in Pearl River[J]. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,23(2):447-457.]doi:10.3724/SP.J.1118.2016. 15183. 张涛,王焕焕,毕学娟,宋超,赵峰,庄平. 2017. 长江口凤鲚仔稚鱼不同发育阶段矢耳石生长[J]. 中国水产科学,24(6):1315-1322.[Zhang T,Wang H H,Bi X J,Song C, Zhao F,Zhuang P. 2017. Sagittal otolith growth and development at different development stages in larval and juvenile Coilia mystus in the Yangtze estuary[J]. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,24(6):1315-1322.]doi:10. 3724/SP.J.1118.2017.17002. Arrhenius F,Hansson S. 1996. Growth and seasonal changes in energy content of young Baltic Sea herring(Clupea haren-gus L.)[J]. ICES Journal of Marine Science,53(5):792-801. doi: 10.1006/jmsc.1996.0100.
Assis C A. 2005. The utricular otoliths,lapilli,of teleosts:Their morphology and relevance for species identification and systematics studies[J]. Scientia Marina,69(2):259-273.doi: 10.3989/scimar.2005.69n2259.
Behrens A,Genoud N,Naumann H,Rülicke T,Janett F,Heppner F L,Ledermann B,Aguzzi A. 2002. Absence of the prion protein homologue Doppel causes male sterility[J]. Embo Journal,21(14):3652-3658. doi:10.1093/emboj/cdf 386.
Brown P,Wooden I. 2007. Age at first increment formation and validation of daily growth increments in golden perch(Macquaria ambigua:Percichthyidae)otoliths[J]. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research,41(2):157-161. doi: 10.1080/00288330709509904.
Burnham K P,Anderson D R. 2002. Model selection and multimodel inference:A practical information-theoretic approach[M]. The 2nd Edition. New York:Springer. doi: 10.1007/b97636.
Campana S E,Neilson J D. 1985. Microstructure of fish otoliths[J]. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 42(5):1014-1032. doi: 10.1139/f85-127.
Dunlop E S,Hébert I,Taylor C. 2023. Validation of the use of otoliths to estimate age and growth of larval lake whitefish,Coregonus clupeaformis[J]. Journal of Applied Ichthyology,2023:8372923. doi: 10.1155/2023/8372923.
Frommel A Y,Pourfaraj V,Brauner C J,McAdam D S O. 2021. Evaluation of otolith microstructures for ageing of larval white sturgeon[J]. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences,78(11):1712-1720. doi: 10.1139/cjfas-2020-0437.
Gao M H,Wu Z Q,Huang L L,Tan X C,Liu H,Rad S. 2021.Otolith shape analysis and growth characteristics in larval and juvenile Squalidus argentatus[J]. Environmental Biology of Fishes,104(8):937-945. doi: 10.1007/s10641-021-01125-4.
Gibb F M,Régnier T,Wright P J. 2020. Inferring early larval traits from otolith microstructure in the sandeel[J]. Journal of Sea Research,158:101872. doi:10.1016/j.seares.2020. 101872.
Islam M S,Ueno M,Yamashita Y. 2009. Otolith microstructure of Japanese sea bass larvae and juveniles:Interpretation and utility for ageing[J]. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 25(4):423-427. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01251.x.
Jawad L A,Sabatino G,Ibáñez A L,Andaloro F,Battaglia P. 2018. Morphology and ontogenetic changes in otoliths of the mesopelagic fishes Ceratoscopelus maderensis(Myctophidae),Vinciguerria attenuata and V. poweriae(Phosichthyidae)from the Strait of Messina(Mediterranean Sea)[J]. Acta Zoologica,99(2):126-142. doi:10.1111/azo. 12197.
Joh M,Matsuda T,Satoh N,Tanaka N,Ueda Y. 2011. Otolith microstructure of brown sole Pseudopleuronectes herzensteini:validation of daily ring formation and the occurrence of microstructure denoting metamorphosis[J]. Fisheries Science,77(5):773-783. doi: 10.1007/s12562-011-0382-3.
Palacios-Fuentes P,Landaeta M F,Jahnsen-Guzmán N,Plaza G,Ojeda F P. 2014. Hatching patterns and larval growth of a triplefin from central Chile inferred by otolith microstructure analysis[J]. Aquatic Ecology,48(3):259-266. doi:10. 1007/s10452-014-9481-4.
Pavlov D A. 2021. Otolith morphology and relationships of several fish species of the suborder Scorpaenoidei[J]. Journal of Ichthyology. 61:33-47. doi:10.1134/S00329452210 10100.
Radtke R L,Hubold G,Folsom S D,Lenz P H. 1993. Otolith structural and chemical analyses:The key to resolving age and growth of the Antarctic silverfish,Pleuragramma antarcticum[J]. Antarctic Science,5(1):51-62. doi: 10.1017/s0954102093000082.
Song Y Q,Cheng F,Zhao S S,Xie S G. 2019. Ontogenetic development and otolith microstructure in the larval and juvenile stages of mandarin fish Siniperca chuatsi[J]. Ichthyological Research,66(1):57-66. doi: 10.1007/s10228-018-0648-1.
Wilson M,Sponaugle S,Grorud-Colvert K. 2023. Testing assumptions underlying cabezon(Scorpaenichthys marmoratus) otolith microstructure analysis using wild-caught juveniles and opportunistic rearing of eggs and larvae[J]. Journal of Fish Biology,102(5):88-95. doi:10.1111/jfb. 15364.
计量
- 文章访问数: 36
- HTML全文浏览量: 3
- PDF下载量: 4
下载: