不同光照条件对玉米萌发过程中营养成分和抗氧化酶活性的影响

Effects of different light conditions on nutrient components and antioxidant activity in maize during germination

  • 摘要: 【目的】探究萌发玉米在不同光照条件下营养成分和抗氧化酶活性的变化,为优化玉米萌发条件及萌发玉米产品的研发提供参考依据。【方法】以湘荟玉1号玉米为试验材料,测定3个光照处理(24 h光照、12 h黑暗+12 h光照和24 h黑暗)、玉米不同萌发天数(0、1、3和5 d)的营养成分含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性,并测定萌发1、3和5 d的胚根长和胚芽长,计算发芽率和活力指数,分析玉米萌发指标与营养成分含量和酶活性的相关性。【结果】随萌发天数的延长,玉米中清蛋白、球蛋白、赖氨酸和还原糖含量及3种酶活性显著增加(P<0.05,下同),总糖和淀粉含量显著降低。与未萌发籽粒相比,萌发5 d时12 h黑暗+12 h光照处理清蛋白含量显著增加46.11%;除球蛋白含量外,12 h黑暗+12 h光照处理的各营养物质含量及4个萌发指标在萌发第5 d均显著高于其他2个处理。24 h光照处理POD和SOD活性显著高于其他2个处理,而24 h黑暗处理的CAT活性在3个处理中增加最显著;与萌发1 d相比,24 h黑暗、12 h黑暗+12 h光照和24 h光照处理的发芽率在萌发第5 d分别显著增加497.64%、137.69%和263.48%; 4个萌发指标均与清蛋白、球蛋白、还原糖和赖氨酸含量呈极显著(P<0.01)或显著正相关。【结论】 12 h黑暗+12 h光照条件有利于玉米籽粒的萌发及营养物质的积累,植物通过激活酶活系统以清除因光照过多或过少产生的毒害物质。

     

    Abstract: 【Objective】 This study aimed to explore the changes of nutrient components and antioxidant activities in germinated maize under different light conditions,so as to provide reference for the optimization of the optimal germination conditions of maize and the research and development of germinated maize products.【Method】 Xianghuiyu No.1 was used as the material to study the nutrient contents and the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT) and peroxidase (POD) under different light conditions (24 h of light,12 h of darkness+12 h of light and 24 h of darkness) at 0, 1,3 and 5 d after germination,radicle length and germ length were measured at 1,3 and 5 d after germination,and the germination rate and vigor index were calculated, so as to analyze the correlation between germination indexes and nutrient components content as well as antioxidant activity.【Result】 With the extension of germination days,the contents of albumin,globulin,lysine,reducing sugar and the activities of three enzymes in maize were significantly increased(P<0.05, the same below),while the contents of total sugar and starch were significantly decreased. Compared with non-germinated grains,albumin content was significantly increased by 46.11% after 5 d under 12 h of darkness+12 h of light treatment. Except globulin content,the nutrient content and four germination indexes of 12 h dark+12 h light treatment were significantly higher than those of the other two treatments on the 5th day of germination. The POD and SOD activities of 24 h light treatment were significantly higher than those of the other two treatments,while the CAT activities of 24 h dark treatment were the most significantly increased in the three treatments. Compared with the 1st day of germination,the germination rate of 24 h of darkness,12 h darkness+12 h light and 24 h of light on the 5th day of germination was significantly increased by 497.64%,137.69% and 263.48% respectively. The four germination indexes were extremely significantly (P<0.01) or significantly positively correlated with albumin,globulin,reducing sugar and lysine contents.【Conclusion】 The light condition of 12 h of darkness and 12 h of light is beneficial to the germination and nutrient components accumulation of maize. Plants activate enzyme systems to remove toxic substances caused by too much or too little light.

     

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