百合连作障碍成因及防治技术研究进展

Causes and control techniques for continuous cropping obstacles of lily:A review

  • 摘要: 百合是一种集食用、药用、观赏价值于一身的重要经济作物,但百合种植存在严重的连作障碍,威胁着百合收获物的产量和品质。绿色有效地防控连作障碍可降低百合生产成本并保证百合产品的安全利用,因此,有必要深入了解百合种植连作障碍成因及相应的防控技术。文章综述了近年来关于百合连作障碍相关的国内外研究进展,指出连作导致的土壤性质恶化、土壤微生物群落结构病原菌化及百合自毒物质逐年积累是百合连作障碍发生的主要原因。当前应对百合连作障碍的方法主要涉及选用耐连作百合品种、轮作和间套作、土壤熏蒸消毒、土壤强还原处理、应用微生物制剂及其他绿色土壤调理剂等。针对我国百合生产中存在的耐连作百合品种缺乏,各种新型连作障碍常规消减技术还需进一步验证安全性、提高效果及降低成本,以及当前百合生产受耕地资源限制严重等问题,提出培育耐连作百合品种、提高连作障碍防治技术效果和降低相关成本及实现治理技术安全无害化是未来应对百合连作障碍的主要攻关方向。

     

    Abstract: Lily is an important cash crop with high edible, medicinal, and ornamental values, however, there are often serious continuous cropping obstacles(CRO)in lily cultivation, which threaten the yield and quality of lily harvest. Green and effective preventing techniques of CRO can reduce the production cost of lily and ensure the safe use of lily products. Therefore, it is very necessary to deeply understand the causes of CRO of lily and develop corresponding prevention and control technologies. Herein,the recent domestic and foreign studies on CRO of lily were reviewed. Results showed that the degradation in soil properties, soil pathogenic microorganisms increase, and the gradual accumulation of autotoxic substances were the main causes of CRO of lily. At present, the methods to deal with CRO of lily mainly involved the selection of CRO-resistant lily varieties, crop rotation and intercropping, soil fumigation and disinfection, reductive soil disinfestation, application of microbial preparations, and other green soil conditioning agents. However, the CRO-resistant lily varieties are severely lacking in China, and the various new preventing techniques of CRO still need to further verify the safety, improve the effectiveness and reduce the cost,and at present,lily cultivation is still restrained heavily by the lack of cultivated land resources. Aiming at such problems,the main research direction should be cultivating CRO-resistant lily varieties, improving the performance of preventing techniques of CRO, reducing the related cost, and realizing the safety and harmless management technologies in the future.

     

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