广西猪瘟病毒变异株分离鉴定及其E2基因遗传特性分析

Isolation and identification of mutant isolate of classical swine fever virus from Guangxi and genetic characteristic analysis of E2 gene

  • 摘要: 【目的】明确猪瘟病毒(CSFV)广西分离株的分子流行病学特点和病原学特性,为科学使用CSF疫苗及有效防控广西CSFV流行提供参考依据。【方法】 2019年12月—2020年10月,从广西南宁、隆安、柳州、百色及北海等地采集疑似CSFV感染的流产胎儿、死胎、木乃伊胎和弱仔猪的组织(心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏和淋巴结等)进行CSFV检测,通过PK-15细胞进行病毒分离,采用RT-PCR和间接免疫荧光试验(IFA)进行鉴定,克隆CSFV分离株E2基因,经DNASTAR进行核苷酸序列及推导氨基酸序列同源比对分析后以MEGA 6.0构建遗传进化树;同时以Shimen标准株为对照,检测感染PK-15细胞后分离株的生长曲线、病毒mRNA和E2蛋白水平。【结果】从104份疑似CSFV感染样品中分离出1株CSFV,命名为GXNN2019-13,接种至PK-15细胞后并未出现细胞病变。GXNN2019-13株与我国Shimen标准株(强毒)和HCLV株(弱毒)的E2基因核苷酸序列相似性较低,分别为84.6%和83.5%,而与日本CSF0745株及德国CSF0496和Alfort Tuebingen株的相似性分别为93.9%、92.2%和91.5%;GXNN2019-13株与Shimen和HCLV株的E2氨基酸序列相似性分别为89.3%和88.7%,与日本CSF0745株及德国CSF0496和Alfort Tuebingen株的相似性分别为95.5%、94.6%和93.8%;以HCLV株为参照进行多序列比对,发现GXNN2019-13株E2蛋白较Shimen标准株的变异程度更高。感染PK-15细胞后,GXNN2019-13株的病毒复制能力弱于Shimen标准株,生长曲线上各时间点的病毒效价及mRNA水平均低于Shimen标准株。【结论】从疑似CSFV感染病料分离获得的GXNN2019-13株属于2.3亚型中的独立小分支,与之前的广西分离株亲缘关系较远,可能是新的变异毒株,其复制能力弱于Shimen标准强毒株。

     

    Abstract: 【Objective】 This study clarified the molecular epidemiological and etiological characteristics of the Guangxi isolates of classic swine fever virus(CSFV), to provide reference for the scientific use of the CSF vaccine and effective prevention and control of the CSFV epidemic in Guangxi.【Method】 From December 2019 to October 2020, tissues(hearts, livers, spleens, lungs, kidneys, lymph nodes) of aborted fetuses, stillbirths, mummified fetuses, and weak piglets suspected of CSFV infection were collected from Nanning, Long'an, Liuzhou, Baise and Beihai in Guangxi for CSFV testing. The virus was isolated through PK-15 cells, and identified by RT-PCR and indirect immunofluorescence tests(IFA). The E2 gene of the CSFV isolates was cloned. The nucleotide sequence and deduced amino acid sequence were derived via DNASTAR to conduct homology comparison and analysis and the genetic evolutionary tree was constructed with MEGA 6.0. At the same time, with the Shimen standard strain as a control, the growth curve, virus mRNA, and E2 protein levels of the isolates after infecting PK-15 cells were tested separately.【Result】 A strain of CSFV was isolated from 104 suspected CSFV-infected samples and named GXNN2019-13. There was no cytopathy after inoculation with PK-15 cells. The similarity of E2 gene nucleotide sequence between the GXNN2019-13 strain and the standard Shimen strain(strong toxic) as well as the HCLV strain(weak toxic) in China was low, which was 84.6% and 83.5% respectively. The similarity of E2 gene nucleotide sequence between the GXNN2019-13 strain and the Japanese CSF0745 strain, the German CSF0496 and the Alfort Tuebingen strains was 93.9%, 92.2%, and 91.5% respectively. The similarity of E2 amino acid sequence between the GXNN2019-13 strain and Shimen as well as HCLV strain was 89.3% and 88.7% respectively. The similarity between the GXNN2019-13 strain and the Japanese CSF0745 strain, the German CSF0496 and Alfort Tuebingen strains was 95.5%, 94.6%, and 93.8% respectively. Taking the HCLV strain as a reference for multiple sequence comparison, it was found that the E2 protein in the GXNN 2019-13 strain had a higher degree of variation than that ofthe Shimen standard strain. Infected with PK-15 cells, the virus replication ability of the GXNN2019-13 strain was weaker than that of the Shimen standard strain, and the viral titer and mRNA levels at various time points in the growth curve were lower than that of the Shimen standard strain.【Conclusion】 The GXNN2019-13 strain obtained from suspected CSFV-infected material is an independent small branch of subtype 2.3. It is far from related to the previous Guangxi isolates, which may be a new mutated strain with weaker replication ability than that of the Shimen standard strain (strong toxic).

     

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