优质稻+优质鱼综合种养模式的优质稻品种筛选与效益分析

Screening of rice varieties for the high-quality hybrid rice+ high-quality hybrid crucian carp comprehensive cultivation and the benefit analysis

  • 摘要: 【目的】探索稻鱼综合种养新模式,为稳定粮食生产、提高稻田效益及加快稻鱼综合种养产业发展提供技术支撑。【方法】选择优质杂交稻万太优美占、万太优3158、香118优516、香118优263及优质常规稻桂育9号和桂野丰为稻渔综合种养的水稻品种,合方鲫为稻鱼综合种养的优质鱼类,在桂南(合浦)、桂中(象州)和桂北(桂林)稻作区开展适宜稻鱼综合种养的水稻品种筛选试验,并以筛选出的优质高产水稻品种在广西桂平、灵川和合浦开展优质稻+优质鱼综合种养试验与示范,分析优质稻+优质鱼种养技术体系的经济效益。【结果】 3个稻作区水稻品种筛选试验点水稻平均产量表现为万太优美占(8444.1 kg/ha) >香118优263(8414.0 kg/ha) >香118优516(8304.3 kg/ha) >万太优3158(8134.5 kg/ha) >桂育9号(7105.3 kg/ha) >桂野丰(6936.0 kg/ha)。3个优质稻+优质鱼综合种养模式示范点示范区内的水稻平均产量为8045.6 kg/ha,合方鲫平均产量为1493.1 kg/ha,综合产值91904.5元/ha,扣除生产成本投入35625.0元/ha,纯收入达56279.5元/ha,比单一水稻种植模式增收48276.8元/ha。【结论】杂交稻万太优美占是适合稻渔综合种养的优质水稻品种,合方鲫为适合稻渔综合种养的优质鱼类。优质稻+优质鱼综合种养模式可实现一田两用、粮鱼双收、钱粮双增,稳粮增收效果明显,值得扩大推广应用。

     

    Abstract: 【Objective】 A new model of integrated rice-fish system was explored for stabilizing grain production,improving the efficiency of rice fields,and accelerating the development of comprehensive rice-fish cultivation.【Method】 Wantaiyoumeizhan, Wantaiyou3158,Xiang118you516,Xiang118you263 of high-quality hybrid rice and Guiyu 9, Guiyefeng of high-quality conventional ricewere selected as rice varieties for comprehensive rice-fish cultivation,hybrid crucian carp was selected as fish variety for comprehensive rice-fish cultivation. According to the screening test of rice varieties suitable for comprehensive rice-fish cultivation in different rice growing areas such as southern Guangxi(Hepu County), central Guangxi(Xiangzhou County),and northern Guangxi(Guilin City),high-quality and high-yield rice varieties suitable for comprehensive rice-fish cultivation were selected. Then,the superior quality rice+hybrid crucian carpcomprehensive rice-fish cultivation farming with the screened high yielding rice varieties was demonstratedin Guiping City, Lingchuan County and Hepu County,and its economic benefits were analyzed.【Result】 The average yield of three models was Wantaiyoumeizhan(8444.1 kg/ha) >Xiang118you263(8414.0 kg/ha) >Xiang118you516(8304.3 kg/ha) >Wantaiyou3158 (8134.5 kg/ha) >Guiyu 9(7105.3 kg/ha) >Guiyefeng(6936.0 kg/ha). The results showed that under three demonstration sites of the comprehensive rice-fish cultivation, the average yield of rice was 8045.6 kg/ha,the average yield of hybrid crucian carp was 1493.1 kg/ha,the comprehensive output value was 91904.5 yuan/ha,and the net income was 56279.5 yuan/ha after deducting 35625.0 yuan/ha of cost investment. The income increased by 48276.8 yuan/ha compared with the single rice planting mode.【Conclusion】 Wantaiyoumeizhan and hybrid crucian carpare high-quality ricevariety and highquality fish suitable for comprehensive rice-fish cultivation.The superior quality rice+hybrid crucian carp comprehensive rice-fish cultivation is worthy of demonstration and promotion,which realizes one field dual-use,fish and grain double harvest, double increase of money and grain and achieved remarkable effect of stabilizing grain and increasing income.

     

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