Abstract: 【Objective】 To analyze genetic diversity and genetic relationships among 147 Nymphaea Linn. plants，and to provide scientific reference for conservation， development and utilization of Nymphaea Linn. germplasm resources and parents selection for new varieties breeding.【Method】 Ten SRAP primer pairs with clear amplification bands， stable structure and abundant polymorphism were screened to perform polymorphic amplification on 112 Nymphaea Linn. germplasm resources and 35 hybrid progenies. Based on amplification results， a 0/1 matrix was established and genetic diversity indexes were calculated using POPGENE 1.32. Genetic similarity coefficient and genetic distance were calculated through unweighted group average（UPGMA）method of NTSYS 2.1 and cluster diagram was constructed.【Result】 Using the 10 screened primer pairs， 207 polymorphic bands were detected from the 207 amplified bands，indicating a polymorphic rate of 100% and on average every primer pair produced 20.7 polymorphic loci. For 147 Nymphaea Linn. plants，observed number of alleles（Na）was 2.0000 and effective number of alleles（Ne）was from 1.1777 to 1.3339， with an average of 1.2535；Shannon’s information index（I）was from 0.2459 to 0.3703， with an average of 0.3155， and the Nei’s genetic diversity index（H'）was from 0.1345 to 0.2230， with an average of 0.1835. The 147 Nymphaea Linn. plants were divided into 6 groups when similarity coefficient was 0.65 and genetic distance was 1.12. DNA molecular ID of 147 Nymphaea Linn. plants were established according to the 0/1 matrix based on 10 primer pairs.【Conclusion】Nymphaea Linn. plants enjoy rich genetic diversity. With SRAP molecular markers，genetic relationship can be effectively identified，which is helpful for increasing parental selection rate and improving breeding process. And the 10 screened primer pairs can effectively identify 35 hybrid progenies.