Abstract: 【Objective】 The objective of this study was to investigate the community structure of spider wasps in different ecological environments and the individual number changes of dominant groups of spider wasps in different seasons. It provided reference for the study on the co-evolution of spider wasp and ecological environment and the protection and utilization of pollinators and natural enemies.【Method】 From April 2018 to May 2019, at fixed points every month, the community characteristics and population dynamics of spider wasps were systematically investigated by Malaise trap and yellow plate lure methodin four different habitats, including farmland(sample plot Ⅰ), farmland mixed tea garden (sample plot Ⅱ), tea garden (sample plot Ⅲ) and secondary forest (sample plot Ⅳ), in Hekai Village, Menghai County, Xishuangbanna.【Result】A total of 801 specimens were collected from four different habitats in Menghai County, Xishuangbanna, belonging to 112 species, 33 genera, 2 subfamilies. The number of individual and species of spider wasp was the highest in farmland. There were nine genera shared in the four ecological environments. Poecilopompilus, Paracyphononyx, Ferreoloides, Agenioideus, Ceropales and Cryptocheilus were only distributed in farmland habitat, Phanagenia was only distributed in the mixed habitat of farmland and tea garden, Leptodialepiswas only distributed in deciduous broad-leaved forest habitat. Among them, the genera Auplopus and Minagenia accounted for most of the species, and rare groups were not collected. The Margalef richness index of spider colonies in four sites was as follows:sample plot Ⅰ (12.42) >sample plot Ⅲ (8.47) >sample plot Ⅱ(8.04) >sample plot Ⅳ(6.23). Shannon-Wiener diversity index was as follows:sample plot Ⅰ (3.50) >sample plot Ⅲ(3.26) >sample plot Ⅱ(3.01) >sample plot Ⅳ (2.46). The order of Berger-Parker dominance index was as follows:sample plot Ⅳ(0.44) >sample plot Ⅱ(0.24) >sample plot Ⅰ(0.20) >sample plot Ⅲ(0.15). The order of Pielou evenness index was as follows:sample plot Ⅲ(0.87) >sample plot Ⅰ(0.81) >sample plot Ⅱ (0.80) >sample plot Ⅳ (0.71). The species of spider wasp were not similar among four different habitats. One habitat shared part of the spider wasp species with the surrounding habitats, and the similarity of the spider wasp community structure in farmland and farmland mixed tea garden, tea garden and secondary forest with relatively close distance were higher than other habitats. The number of individuals of Auplopus and Minagenia in the four plots was the highest in dryhot season, while the number of individuals in wet-hot season and fog-cool season were relatively low. The number of Auplopus individuals in the sample plot Ⅰ was more in the fog-cool season than in the wet-hot season, and the number of Auplopus and Minagenia individuals in the other plots were more in the wet-hot season than in the fog-cool season.【Conclusion】There are abundant genera and species of spider wasps, but their community structures and features in different ecological environments are different in Menghai County, Xishuangbanna. Spider wasps have strong activity and share some species in adjacent habitats.The number of dominant species of spider wasps mainly changes with the seasons. The seasons with high temperature and low humidity are more suitable for spider wasps to survive and increase the population.