广西16份桑资源叶的药用及营养品质综合评价

Comprehensive evaluation of medicinal and nutritional quality of 16 mulberry resource leaves in Guangxi

  • 摘要: 【目的】对16份桑资源叶的药用及营养品质进行综合评价,明确不同桑树品种的药用及营养成分,为桑树多元化开发提供理论依据。【方法】以保存于广西蚕业技术推广站桑树资源圃的16份桑资源叶为研究对象,测定桑叶多酚、脱氧野尻霉素 (DNJ) 、多糖、蛋白质、脂肪、维他命C (VC)含量等9项指标。运用主成分分析法、相关分析及隶属函数法进行综合评价。【结果】 16份桑资源叶的9个测定成分存在明显差异。其中,品种间DNJ含量差异最大,变异系数为41%,平均值为1803.17 μg/g,桂诱94-936的DNJ含量最高,为3239.25 μg/g,桂诱94-168的DNJ含量最低,为747.73μg/g;而品种间水分含量差异最小,变异系数仅6%,平均值为83.93%,桂诱94-936的水分含量最高,为91.46%, A17的水分含量最低,为71.02%。相关分析表明,多酚含量与单宁含量显著相关 (P<0.05)。相关分析和主成分分析表明影响桑叶综合品质的主要指标为酚类物质、生物碱、多糖和蛋白质等。通过对隶属函数值及权重进行计算得到16份桑资源叶的综合得分, 16份桑资源叶药用品质综合评价前3名依次为桂诱94-936、试11和桂诱8012,营养品质综合评价前3名依次为桂诱94-936、桂诱92L-26和湖107。【结论】综合桑叶营养品质和保健品质评价结果,桂诱94-936可作为药食同源品种的候选。多酚、 DNJ和多糖可作为桑树药用品质的评价指标,蛋白质、脂肪和VC含量可作为桑树营养品质的评价指标。

     

    Abstract: 【Objective】 To clarify medicinal and nutritional components of different mulberry varieties and to evaluate medicinal and nutritional qualities of 16 mulberry resource leaves,so as to provide theoretical reference for the diversified development of mulberry.【Method】 Taking 16 mulberry resource leaves preserved in the mulberry resource garden of the sericulture technology extension station of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region as experimental materials ,9 indexes,content of polyphenol,deoxynojirimycin(DNJ),polysaccharide,protein,fat and Vitamin C(VC)in mulberry leaves were measured.Principal component analysis,correlation analysis and membership function method were used for comprehensive evaluation.【Result】There were significant differences in 9 components of 16 mulberry resource leaves.Among them,the difference of DNJ content among varieties was the largest,the coefficient of variation was 41%,and the average value was 1803.17 μg/g.Guiyou 94-936 has the highest DNJ content,3239.25 μg/g,and the content of DNJ in Guiyou 94-168 was the lowest,747.73 μg/g.The difference of water content among varieties was the smallest,with a coefficient of variation of only 6% and an average of 83.93%.The water content in Guiyou 94-936 was the highest,91.46%,and that of A17 was the lowest,71.02%.Correlation analysis showed that polyphenol content was significantly correlated with tannin content(P<0.05).Correlation analysis and principal component analysis showed that the main indexes affecting the comprehensive quality of mulberry leaves were phenols,alkaloids,polysaccharides and proteins.The comprehensive score of 16 mulberry resource leaves was obtained by calculating the value and weight of the membership function.The top 3 in the comprehensive evaluation of the medicinal quality of the 16 mulberry resource leaves were Guiyou 94-936,Test 11 and Guiyou 8012,while the top 3 in the comprehensive evaluation of the nutritional quality were Guiyou 94-936,Guiyou 92L-26 and Hu 107.【Conclusion】 According to the comprehensive evaluation of nutritional quality and health care quality of mulberry leaves,Guiyou 94-936 can be used as a candidate for medicinal and food homologous varieties.Polyphenols,DNJ,and polysaccharides can be used as evaluation indicators for the medicinal quality of mulberry,while the content of protein,fat and VC can be used as evaluation indicators for the nutritional quality of mulberry.

     

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