Physiological response of 5 ginger varieties to waterlogging stress and evaluation of their waterlogging tolerance
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摘要: 【目的】探究淹水胁迫对生姜苗期形态变化及生理指标的影响，筛选耐涝种质资源，为生姜耐涝机理研究及抗涝品种选育提供参考。【方法】以生姜主产区的5个主栽品种山东大姜、罗平小黄姜、竹根姜、贵州小黄姜、凤头姜为试验材料，设置正常水分处理（CK）和淹水处理（TR），测定不同处理条件下的生长指标、生理指标及叶绿素荧光参数，利用隶属函数法对5个品种苗期的耐涝性进行综合评价。【结果】与CK相比，淹水胁迫下各生姜品种的株高、茎粗和根系活力均下降；生姜叶片的MDA和H2O2含量均显著上升（P<0.05，下同）， SOD和POD活性在竹根姜中呈下降趋势，在其他4个品种中均呈上升趋势， CAT活性在山东大姜中呈上升趋势，在其他4个品种中均呈下降趋势， PAL活性在竹根姜和凤头姜中呈下降趋势，在其他3个品种中均呈上升趋势。淹水后5个品种的PSII最大光化学效率 （Fv/Fm）和光化学淬灭系数（qP）显著降低，非光化学淬灭系数（NPQ）显著升高。综合评价结果表明， 5个品种生姜的耐涝性排序依次为山东大姜>贵州小黄姜>罗平小黄姜>凤头姜>竹根姜。相关分析结果显示，株高与综合评价值 （D值）呈极显著正相关（P<0.01，下同），茎粗与D值呈显著正相关，叶片MDA含量与D值呈极显著负相关。【结论】生姜通过维持较高的根系活力，提高自身抗氧化能力来抵御氧化损伤。5个品种中山东大姜耐涝性最强，竹根姜耐涝性最差。株高、茎粗和叶片MDA含量可作为生姜耐涝品种筛选的主要参考指标。Abstract: 【Objective】 The effects of waterlogging stress on morphological changes and physiological indexes of ginger at seedling stage were investigated to provide a reference for the study of the waterlogging-tolerant mechanism and selection of waterlogging-tolerant ginger varieties.【Method】 Five main varieties in the main ginger producing areas were selected as experimental materials，including Shandong big ginger，Luoping small ginger，Guizhou small ginger，Zhugen ginger and Fengtou ginger，which were subjected to normal water treatment（CK）and flooding treatment（TR）.The growth indexes，physiological indexes and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters under different treatment conditions were measured，and the waterlogging tolerance of the 5 varieties at the seedling stage was comprehensively evaluated using the method of membership function.【Result】 Compared with CK，the plant height，stem diameter and root activity of all varieties decreased under waterlogging stress，with significant increases（P<0.05，the same below）of MDA and H2O2 in leaves.The activity of SOD and POD decreased in Zhugen ginger but increased in the other 4 varieties.The CAT activity exhibited an increasing trend in Shandong big ginger but a decreasing trend in the other 4 varieties.The PAL activity decreased in Zhugen ginger and Fengtou ginger，but increased in the other 3 varieties.After the flooding treatment，the 5 varieties displayed significantly decreased maximum photochemical efficiency（Fv/Fm）and photochemical quenching coefficient（qP）of Photosystem II（PSII），and significantly increased non-photochemical quenching coefficient（NPQ）.It was found that Shandong big ginger exhibited the best waterlogging tolerance，followed by the Guizhou small ginger，Luoping small ginger，Fengtou ginger and Zhugen ginger varieties.Moreover，it was noted that plant height and stem thickness were positively correlated with comprehensive evaluation value（D value）（P<0.01，the same below），while leaf MDA content was negatively correlated with D value.【Conclusion】Ginger resists oxidative damage by maintaining high root activity and improving its antioxidant capacity.Of the five varieties，Shandong big ginger exhibits the strongest waterlogging tolerance and Zhugen ginger shows the least waterlogging tolerance.Plant height，stem diameter and MDA content in leaves can be adopted as main reference indexes for screening waterlogging tolerant ginger varieties.
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Keywords:
- ginger /
- waterlogging stress /
- psychological response /
- waterlogging evaluation
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