Abstract: 【Objective】 To study the change law of neutral aroma substances in Maduro wrappers with chemical quality index，so as to provide theoretical basis for the usability evaluation and industrial use of domestic cigar wrappers.【Method】 With the Maduro wrapper in Hainan production area as the test material，the chemical quality index of tobacco leaves and the contents of various neutral aroma substances were determined，and the correlation analysis and regression analysis were carried out on the chemical quality index and the content of neutral aroma substances.【Result】Variation range of each chemical quality index and neutral aroma substances of Maduro wrapper tobacco leaves was 0.12-0.50，indicating a moderate degree of variation.Sugar-nicotine ratio and sugar-nitrogen ratio had significant（P<0.05，the same below）or extremely significant（P<0.01，the same below）positive correlations with the total amount of phenylalanine conversion products，cembranoids degradation products，neophytadiene and neutral aroma substances.Nitrogen-nicotine ratio and potassium-chloride ratio were significantly negatively correlated with the content of carotenoid degradation products.Regression analysis showed that within a certain range： If sugar-nicotine ratio increased，the contents of phenylalanine conversion products，cembranoids degradation products，neophytadiene and the total amount of neutral aroma substances also continued to increase；if the sugar-nitrogen ratio increased，the contents of phenylalanine conversion products，cembranoids degradation products，neophytadiene and the total amount of neutral aroma substances first decreased and then increased，reaching the lowest values when the sugar-nitrogen ratio was 0.49，0.47，0.56 and 0.51；if nitrogen-nicotine ratio increased，the content of carotenoid degradation products first decreased and then increased with the，and the lowest nitrogen-nicotine ratio was 0.93；when the potassium-chloride ratio increased，the content of carotenoid degradation products decreased significantly.【Conclusion】 Chemical quality index of Maduro wrapper is closely related to its neutral aroma substances，and the regression model can be used to determine aroma substances change as the chemical quality index changes，which has important reference value for the research on quality regulation and coordination of Maduro wrapper.