Abstract: 【Objective】 To study the impact of environmental regulations on the green total factor productivity of China's grain production, and to provide a decision-making basis for the green and high-quality development of China's grain.【Method】 The trans-logarithmic function was used to calculate the total factor green productivity and decomposition value of China's grain production from 2011 to 2019, and the Tobit model was used to explore the impact of grain production economic development, human capital level and grain production fiscal expenditure on the green total factor of grain production.【Result】 On the whole, the green total factor productivity of grain production in China's 31 provinces(except Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) increased from 1.002 in 2011 to 1.080 in 2019, showing a fluctuating trend. The total factor productivity of food without considering environmental regulations has increased from 1.032 in 2011 to 1.035 in 2019, showing a fluctuating growth trend. The annual average was higher than considering environmental regulatory factors. In the decomposition of green total factor productivity in food production considering environmental regulatory factors, the growth of green total factor productivity was mainly increased through the growth of technological progress, and technical efficiency showed a restraint trend of green total factor productivity. From the perspective of different regions, the green total factor productivity of grain production showed a trend of high in the east and low in the west. The impact of the economic development level of food production on the green total factor productivity of food production across the country and the eastern region showed a trend of weakening first and then gradually increasing. The economic development level of food production in the central and western regions first increased and then gradually weakened the green total factor productivity of food production. From the perspective of the impact of different influencing factors on the green total factor productivity of food, human capital had a significant positive impact on the green total factor productivity of food production across the country and the eastern region, and a significant negative impact on the western region; the financial expenditure for food production had a significant impact on the green total factor productivity of food production in China and the central region.【Suggestion】 The government should give full play to the functional advantages of major grain producing provinces, vigorously promote professional production and factor resource allocation, and change the grain production development mode in different regions; relevant departments should increase human capital input in food production, strengthen talent support; and relevant decision-making agencies should strengthen the legislative mechanism of food production environment, and give full play to the government regulation strategy of differentiated food production environment.