Abstract: 【Objective】 In order to explore the diversity and distribution characteristics of AM fungi community in soil of evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest in Lushan, and it provided theoretical basis to promote the development and utilization of underground AM fungal resources.【Method】 Five common tree species (Rhododendron simsii, Corylopsis sinensis, Lindera reflexa, Ligustrum lucidum, Ulmus pumila) rhizosphere siol arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AM fungi) diversity characteristics and influence factors analysis in Lushan typical evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest were the grasp, and obtained its underground AM fungal diversity and distribution characteristics by spore morphology identification method.【Result】 Fifty-five AM fungi groups were identified and isolated from the Lushan evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest, including 2 wide-spread species, 10 common species and 43 rare species (divided by level of dominance), among which Acaulospora(24 species) and Glomus(18 species) were the dominant genera. In addition, this study found that different tree species rhizosphere spore density of AM fungi community, the species abundance, diversity index and Pielou evenness index had no significant differences(P>0.05), and the community similarity coefficient was higher, L. reflexa and C. sinensis rhizosphere of AM fungi community similarity coefficient were the highest(73.85%). There were differences in the distribution of AM fungi in the rhizosphere of different tree species. Among them, Entrophospora infrequens(one of the rare species) was only found in the rhizosphere of L. reflexa, Glomus.17 was only found in the rhizosphere of R. simsii, and the rare species of Scutellospora fulgida was only found in the rhizosphere of L. lucidum. The rare species Corymbiglomus tortuosum only found in the rhizosphere of C. sinensis. The root infection rates of different tree species were significantly different (P<0.05), from high to low, they were C. sinensis(45.72%), U. pumila(38.60%), R. simsii and L. lucidum(31.67%), and L. reflexa(29.73%). According to canonical correspondence analysis(CCA), the explanatory degree of soil factors(total phosphorus, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, organic matter, pH and moisture content) to the variation of soil AM fungal community was 7.29%, while according to the analysis of detrended correspondence analysis(DCA), the explanatory degree of plant species to the variation of soil AM fungal community was 15.72%.【Conclusion】 The distribution pattern of soil AM fungi in the evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest of Lushan is mainly rare species, AM fungi and the distribution in this pattern are less affected by the host plants and soil nutrients.