Abstract: 【Objective】 To build an appropriate compound planting patterns of Atractylodes lancea(Thunb.) DC. with different medicinal plants so as to provide theoretical basis for good quality and high yield of A. lancea in forest.【Method】 Annual A. lancea was selected as the research object, the soil nutrient content, rhizome yield per plant, the contents of essential oil and rhizoma atractylodis in A. lancea rhizome of A. lancea monoculture(CK), intercropping of A. lancea || Gardenia jasminoides(CZ) and A. lancea || Podocarpus macrophyllus(CL) were studied.【Result】 Compared with CK, the contents of soil organic matter and available phosphorus in the 0-20 cm layer and 20-40 cm layer of the CZ and CL treatments were significantly decreased(P<0.05, the same below). In terms of content of alkali hydrolysis nitrogen and available potassium in the 0-20 cm layer and 20-40 cm layer, the CZ treatment had a significantly higher content, and the CL treatment had a lower content compared with those of the CK treatment. In terms of rhizome yield and quality, the CL and CZ treatments significantly improved rhizome yield per plant by 41.75% and 205.17% compared with those of CK, and the contents of essential oil and rhizoma atractylodis of the CL treatment were higher than those of the CZ treatment by 221.83% and 33.69%.【Conclusion】 Compared with monoculture, A. lancea intercropping with P. macrophyllus can reduce the soil nutrient content, form certain nutrition stress, and benefit the high yield and good quality of A. lancea. Therefore, it is proved to be a suitable cultivation pattern.