Abstract: 【Objective】To clarify the distribution characteristics of Streptomyces spp. and environmental factors in Yunnan, and provide theoretical reference for studying the genetic diversity, ecological diversity and disease control of Streptomyces spp..【Method】The study took 67 strains of Streptomyces spp. isolated from 13 potato planting areas in Yunnan in spring and winter, and investigated their separation frequency and species in different regions, seasons and potato varieties, and analyzed the correlation between geographical latitude, altitude, soil pH, bulk density and porosity and the frequency and species of Streptomyces spp. isolated, and principal component analysis(PCA) revealed the main environmental factors affecting the distribution of Streptomyces spp.【Result】It was found that there were obvious regional differences in the species and separation frequency of Streptomyces spp. in Yunnan. Five species of Streptomyces spp. were isolated from Kunming and Qujing, and the separation frequencies were 19.40% and 17.91%, respectively. There were 10 species of Streptomyces spp. isolated from Lishu 6 with the separation frequency of 86.57%, while only S. enissocaesilis was isolated from Hezuo 88 with the separation frequency of 13.43%. The separation frequency of Streptomyces spp.in spring was 70.15%, which was greatly higher than 29.85% in winter. The separation frequency and species of Streptomyces spp. in spring planting area showed a downward trend with the increaseof latitude, and there was a binomial correlation with altitude. The separation frequency and species of Streptomyces spp. in winterwasthe highest during northern latitudes 24°-25°, and decreased in northernlatitudes 23°-24° and 25°01', and had binomial correlation with altitude. There was a binomial correlation between the separation frequency and species of Streptomyces spp. and pH, bulk density and porosity under different soil physical conditions. PCA analysis showed that pH, latitude and altitude were the key factors affecting the separation frequency of Streptomyces spp., and latitude and altitude were the main factors affecting the species of Streptomyces spp.【Conclusion】The distribution of potato Streptomyces spp. is greatly affected by planting season, potato varieties, geographical latitude and altitude, soil pH value, bulk density and porosity. The relationship between Streptomyces spp.and environmental factors can be used to control the growth and reproduction of pathogens in potato production.