芒果葡萄座腔菌对3种杀菌剂的敏感性测定

Susceptibility of Botryosphaeriaceous isolates from mango to three fungicides

  • 摘要: 【目的】明确从我国芒果主产区分离获得的89株葡萄座腔菌对3种杀菌剂的敏感性,以期为葡萄座腔菌引起的芒果病害防控提供参考。【方法】采用菌丝生长速率法对采自广西、海南、云南、四川、广东和福建芒果主产区的89株芒果葡萄座腔菌进行咪鲜胺、苯醚甲环唑和吡唑醚菌酯的敏感性测定,并利用DPS 9.01和SPSS 20分析供试菌株对3种药剂的敏感性及交互抗性。【结果】供试89株芒果葡萄座腔菌对咪鲜胺、苯醚甲环唑和吡唑醚菌酯的敏感性存在差异,其中对咪鲜胺的EC50介于0.0048~38.5037 mg/L,平均值为2.8637 mg/L,最大EC50是最小EC50的8021.6倍;对苯醚甲环唑的EC50介于0.0147~8.8935 mg/L,平均值为1.1761 mg/L,最大EC50是最小EC50的605.0倍;对吡唑醚菌酯的EC50介于0.0195~145.0578 mg/L,平均值为8.1939 mg/L,最大EC50是最小EC50的7438.9倍。采自不同芒果产区的芒果葡萄座腔菌株对咪鲜胺、苯醚甲环唑和吡唑醚菌酯的敏感性存在差异,其中采自广东的菌株对咪鲜胺和吡唑醚菌酯的平均EC50最大,分别为8.1127和15.7240 mg/L,采自四川的菌株对苯醚甲环唑的平均EC50最大,为1.6730 mg/L。不同属的芒果葡萄座腔菌菌株对咪鲜胺、苯醚甲环唑和吡唑醚菌酯的敏感性存在差异,其中毛色二孢属(Lasiodiplodia)菌株对3种杀菌剂的平均EC50均高于葡萄座腔菌属(Botryosphaeria)和新壳梭孢属(Neofusicoccum)菌株的平均EC50。【结论】采自我国不同芒果产区的89株芒果葡萄座腔菌菌株对苯醚甲环唑较敏感,咪鲜胺次之,对吡唑醚菌酯的敏感性最低。供试芒果葡萄座腔菌对3种杀菌剂无交互抗性,可合理混合或交替施用。不同来源、不同属的芒果葡萄座腔菌对3种杀菌剂的敏感性存在差异,生产中应根据具体的区域及病原菌种类合理地科学施用。

     

    Abstract: 【Objective】To determine the susceptibility of 89 strains of Botryosphaeriaceous isolate from major mango producing areas in China to three fungicides:prochloraz, difenoconazole and pyraclostrobin, and to provide reference for mango disease control caused by Botryosphaeriaceous isolate.【Method】Mycelial growth rate method was used to determine the sensitivity of Botryosphaeriaceous isolate collected from main mango producing areas of Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan, Sichuan, Guangdong and Fujian to prochloraz, difenoconazole and pyraclostrobin, and DPS9.01 and SPSS20 softwares were used to analyze the sensitivity and cross resistance of the strains to the three fungicides.【Result】Among the 89 strains tested in this study, there were differences in susceptibility to prochloraz, difenoconazole and pyraclostrobin. The EC50 for prochloraz ranged from 0.0048 to 38.5037 mg/L, with an average value of 2.8637 mg/L, and the maximum EC50 was 8021.6 times of the minimum EC50. The EC50 for difenoconazole ranged from 0.0147 to 8.8935 mg/L, with an average value of 1.1761 mg/L, and the maximum EC50 was 605.0 times of the minimum EC50. The EC50 values for pyraclostrobin ranged from 0.0195 to 145.0578 mg/L, with an average value of 8.1939 mg/L, and the maximum EC50 was 7438.9 times of the minimum EC50. There were differences in the susceptibility of the isolates collected from different mango producing areas to prochloraz, difenoconazole and pyraclostrobin, among which the isolates from Guangdong had the highest average EC50 to prochloraz(8.1127 mg/L) and pyraclostrobin(15.7240 mg/L), and the isolates from Sichuan had the highest average EC50 to difenoconazole(1.6730 mg/L). There were differences in the susceptibility of Botryosphaeriaceous isolates from different genera to prochloraz, difenoconazole and pyraclostrobin. The average EC50 of the isolates in Lasiodiplodia to three fungicides was higher than that of Botryosphaeria and Neofusicoccum.【Conclusion】All the 89 strains of Botryosphaeriaceous isolates collected from different mango producing areas are more sensitive to difenoconazole, followed by prochloraz, and have the lowest sensitivity to pyraclostrobin. There is no cross-resistance to the three fungicides, and it can be reasonably mixed or applied alternately. There are differences in the sensitivity of mango Botryosphaeriaceous isolates from different sources and genera to the three fungicides, so it should be rationally and scientifically applied according to specific regions and pathogenic species in production.

     

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