大叶千斤拔叶黄酮的超声—微波协同提取工艺及其抗氧化活性研究

Ultrasonic-microwave collaborative extraction process and antioxidant activity of Flemingia macrophylla leaf flavonoids

    摘要
  • 摘要: 【目的】开展大叶千斤拔叶黄酮（Flemingia macrophylla leaf flavonoids，FMLF）的超声—微波协同提取工艺及其抗氧化活性研究，为FMLF的进一步综合开发利用提供数据基础。【方法】以FMLF得率为优选指标，固定超声波功率50 W，采用单因素试验考察乙醇体积分数、液料比、浸泡时间、微波功率和提取时间对FMLF得率的影响，并采用正交设计表L16（45）优选FMLF的超声—微波协同提取工艺，同时测定FMLF清除羟自由基（·OH）、超氧阴离子自由基（O2-·）、1， 1-二苯基-2-苦肼基自由基（DPPH·）和亚硝酸盐的能力，以评价其体外抗氧化活性。【结果】各因素影响超声—微波协同提取FMLF效果的排序为：乙醇体积分数>微波功率>液料比>浸泡时间>提取时间，且乙醇体积分数、微波功率和液料比对FMLF提取效果有显著影响（P< 0.05）。优选的FMLF提取条件为：乙醇体积分数60%、液料比21：1（mL/g）、浸泡时间8 min、微波功率400 W、提取时间180 s，在此工艺条件下FMLF得率可达60.25 mg/g，且超声—微波协同提取效率优于单独超声和单独微波提取。在试验范围内，FMLF对·OH、O2-·、DPPH·和亚硝酸盐的清除作用与FMLF质量浓度均存在明显的量效关系，FMLF对·OH、O2-·、DPPH·和亚硝酸盐的清除率最高分别达73.05%、73.82%、82.54%和93.04%，其半数清除浓度（IC50）分别为1.42、2.88、0.66和1.24 mg/mL。【结论】正交试验优化的超声—微波协同提取法可用于FMLF的提取，FMLF具有一定的抗氧化活性，可作为天然的抗氧化剂进行开发。

     

    Abstract: 【Objective】The ultrasonic-microwave collaborative extraction process of Flemingia macrophylla leaf flavonoids(FMLF) was investigated in this study.Meanwhile, the antioxidant activity of FMLF was studied to provide data basis for the further comprehensive development and utilization of FMLF.【Method】FMLF yield as optimizing targets, fixing ultrasonic power as 50 W, the single factor experiment was adopted to investigate the influence of ethanol concentration, liquid-solid ratio, soaking time, microwave power and extraction time on FMLF yield.Orthogonal design table L16(45) was used to optimize ultrasonic-microwave collaborative extraction process of FMLF, and its ability to remove hydroxyl radical(·OH), superoxide anion radical(O2-·), 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical(DPPH·) and nitrite was measured, in order to evaluate its antioxidant activity in vitro.【Result】The order of various factors affecting the ultrasonicmicrowave synergistic extraction process was:ethanol concentration> microwave power> liquid-solid ratio> soaking time> extraction time, and ethanol volume fraction, microwave power and liquid-solid ratio had significant effects on the extraction effect of FMLF(P< 0.05).The optimized extraction condition of FMLF was as follows:ethanol concentration 60%, liquid-solid ratio 21:1(mL/g), soaking time 8 min, microwave power 400 W, and extraction time 180 s.Under this process condition, the FMLF yield reached 60.25 mg/g, and the efficiency of ultrasonic-microwave collaborative extraction was better than that of the ultrasonic and microwave extraction alone.Within the scope of the experiment, the scavenging effect of FMLF for ·OH, O2-, DPPH· and nitrite showed obvious concentration-response relationship with FMLF mass concentration.Clearance rates of FMLF for ·OH, O2- and DPPH· and nitrite were 73.05%, 73.82%, 82.54% and 93.04%, respectively, and half scavenging concentration(IC50) were 1.42, 2.88, 0.66 and 1.24 mg/mL, respectively.【Conclusion】The ultrasonic-microwave collaborative extraction method optimized by orthogonal test can be used for the extraction of FMLF.FMLF has certain antioxidant activity and can be used as a natural antioxidant.

     

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