摘要:
[目的]明确泽兰实蝇幼虫及虫瘿在野外的空间分布特点,为应用泽兰实蝇对紫茎泽兰进行生物防治并提高其防治效果提供理论指导.[方法]采用棋盘式取样法在云南省昆明市呈贡区松花村旁紫茎泽兰入侵较重的区域选取3块样地进行泽兰实蝇幼虫及虫瘿的分布情况调查,通过6种聚集度指标(扩散系数、丛生指数、聚集度指标、聚块性指标、La指标和负二项分布指标)、m*-m回归模型和Taylor幂法则等研究泽兰实蝇幼虫及虫瘿种群在野外的空间分布型,并利用种群聚集均数分析幼虫及虫瘿的聚集原因.根据Iwao的理论抽样数计算公式和序贯抽样理论公式,建立理论抽样模型及序贯抽样模型.[结果]泽兰实蝇幼虫在野外均呈聚集分布,种群分布的基本成分是个体群,但个体间相互吸引;泽兰实蝇虫瘿在野外也呈聚集分布,种群分布的基本成分是个体群,但个体间相互排斥.聚集均数分析结果表明,泽兰实蝇幼虫及虫瘿的聚集原因主要由泽兰实蝇的产卵、取食等习性和环境共同引起;建立了泽兰实蝇幼虫及虫瘿理论抽样数模型:N=(9.919/m+1.033)/D2、N=(6.632/m+0.015)/D2和序贯抽样模型:T0=10n±1.9617.24n+0.4、T0=10n±1.966.77n+4.[结论]泽兰实蝇幼虫及虫瘿在野外均呈聚集分布,聚集原因主要由泽兰实蝇的产卵、取食等习性和环境共同引起.
Abstract:
[Objective]The paper clarified the distribution characteristics of the larvae and galls of Procecidochares utilis Stone in the field to provide theoretical guidance of applying P. utilis on the biological control of Eupatorium ade-nophorum Spreng and improve its prevention effects.[Method]Chessboard sampling methods was used to investigate the distribution of larvae and galls in three selected plots near Songhua Village,Chenggong District,Kunming City,Yunnan Province where the invasion of E. adenophorum was very serious. The spatial distribution pattern of P. utilis larvae and galls in the field was analyzed by six aggregation indices(diffusion coefficient,clumping index,aggregation index,index of patchiness,La index and parameter of negative binominal)and two regression models(Iwao regression equation and Taylor power law),while aggregation mean was used to test and determine the reasons for the aggregation of those larvae and galls. Finally,according to Iwao theoretical sampling formula and sequential sampling theory formula,the theoretical sampling model and sequential sampling model were established.[Result]The results showed that the spatial distribution pattern of those larvae and galls belonged to the aggregation distribution,and their basic components were individual groups. In larvae population,individuals attracted each other,but among the galls,the individuals excluded. Aggregation mean analysis suggested that the gather reason of those larvae and galls was caused jointly by its oviposition,feeding habits and the environment. The theoretical sampling models of P. utilis larvae and galls were set up:N=(9.919/m+1.033)/D2, N=(6.632/m+0.015)/D2. Their sequential sampling models were as follows:T0=10n ± 1.9617.24n+0.4 ,T0=10n ± 1.966.77n+4 .[Conclusion]The spatial patterns of P. utilis larvae and galls are aggregation distribution in the field. The aggregation of larvae and galls is mainly caused by its oviposition,feeding habits and the environment.
百度学术
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