基于主成分分析法的鲜食枣品种综合评价

Comprehensive evaluation for fresh-eating jujube varieties based on principal component analysis

  • 摘要: 目的综合评价引种枣树品种的树体营养生长、产量和果实品质等相关指标,为筛选适宜甘肃沿黄灌区栽培的优良鲜食枣品种提供参考依据.方法以甘肃沿黄灌区引种栽培的16个鲜食枣品种4年生嫁接树为试材,测定其树体枝叶分布空间、单株产量、单果鲜重、可溶性固形物含量、含酸量、维生素C(Vc)含量、抗病虫性和抗裂果性等21项指标,利用主成分分析法综合评价其树体营养生长状况、产量及果实品质.结果不同鲜食枣品种间除果实可食率外,其他性状指标间的差异均较明显.相关性分析结果表明,单果重与单核重、可溶性固形物含量与糖酸比呈极显著正相关(P<0.01);果实水分含量与单株产量、Vc含量和枣果脆度呈显著正相关(P<0.05).主成分分析结果表明,特征值大于1.000的前7个主成分累积贡献率达86.542%;综合表现优于对照(CK)品种五佛圆枣的有七月鲜、甘酥佛枣、晋矮3号和六月鲜,其综合得分分别为1.916、1.480、1.048和0.622分;黄骅冬枣、曙光和北京鸡蛋枣的综合表现较差,其综合得分分别为-1.347、-1.092和-0.976分.结论鲜食枣品种七月鲜、甘酥佛枣和晋矮3号的树体营养生长、产量和果实品质综合表现较优,可作为甘肃沿黄灌区重点推广种植品种;六月鲜和蜂蜜罐具有口感佳、早熟丰产等特性,也可适量推广种植;黄骅冬枣、曙光和北京鸡蛋枣不宜在甘肃沿黄灌区种植.

     

    Abstract: ObjectiveThe indexes such as tree body nutrition growth,yield and fruit quality of the successfully intro-duced jujube cultivars were evaluated comprehensively,which could provide reference for screening suitable fresh jujube cultivars for irrigation regions along Yellow River(Gansu section)and other jujube planting areas.MethodSixteen suc-cessfully introduced grafted fresh jujube cultivars of four years old in irrigation regions along Yellow River(Gansu sec-tion)were used as the research objects.Twenty-one indicators such as distribution space of branches and leaves,yield per plant,fresh weight of fruit,soluble solids,acid content,vitamin C(Vc)content,pest resistance and cracking resistance were determined.Principal component analysis was used to evaluate the vegetative growth status,yield and fruit quality of the tree.ResultExcept for edible rate of fruit,the differences in other indicators among various cultivars were ob-vious.Correlation analysis indicated that,there were extremely significant positive correlation between single fruit weight and single stone weight,between soluble solids content and sugar acid ratio(P<0.01).There were significant positive corre-lations(P<0.05)between fruit moisture content and single plant yield,between jujube fruit brittleness and Vc content. Principal component analysis indicated that,the cumulative contribution rate of top seven principal components with ei-genvalues greater than 1.000 was 86.542%.The comprehensive performance of Qiyuexian,Gansufuzao,Jin'ai 3 and Liu-yuexian were better than Wufoyuanzao(CK),their comprehensive scores were 1.916,1.480,1.048 and 0.622 respectively. The comprehensive performance of Huanghuadongzao,Shuguang and Beijingjidanzao were the worst,their comprehen-sive scores were-1.347,-1.092 and-0.976 respectively.ConclusionQiyuexian,Gansufuzao and Jin'ai 3 perform well in tree body nutrition growth,yield and fruit quality,which can be promoted as key varieties in irrigation regions along Ye-llow River(Gansu section).Liuyuexian and Fengmiguan can also be promoted since they have good taste,early mature and high yield. Huanghuadongzao,Shuguang and Beijingjidanzao are not suitable to be developed in irrigation regions along Yellow River(Gansu section).

     

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