Abstract: ObjectiveA reasonable intercropping pattern for soybean and peanut in red soil upland in Jiangxi was studied in order to provide reference for improving crop planting efficiency and alleviating continuous cropping obstacles of upland in southern China.MethodField experiment was conducted.Peanut monoculture(CK1)and soybean monocul-ture(CK2)were used as two controls,three treatments were set as peanut and soybean intercropping patterns:two rows of peanut//two rows of soybean(J1),four rows of peanut//four rows of soybean(J2),eight rows of peanut//two rows of soy-bean(J3).Growth,yield and economic benefits of peanut and soybean were analyzed in different cropping patterns com-bining field observation and indoor analysis.ResultCompared with peanut monoculture,growth of peanut under inter-cropping patterns was less affected,and there were no significant changes in main agronomic traits,total yield of intercro-pping area and yield per unit area of peanut(P>0.05).While compared with soybean monoculture,growth of soybean was in the dominant position in peanut and soybean intercropping patterns,and its plant height,main stem node number,ef-fective branch number,effective pods per plant,grain weight per plant and 100-grain weight were improved.Also,there were significantly improvement in the total yield of intercropping area and yield per unit area(P<0.05).Based on compre-hensive consideration,economic benefits were the best in J1 peanut and soybean intercropping pattern.The net income reached 4223.07 yuan/ha and its input-output ratio was 1.31.ConclusionThe total yield and economic benefits of peanut and soybean intercropping pattern are greatly higher than soybean monoculture,but there is no obvious difference with peanut monoculture.The economic beefits of two rows of peanut//two rows of soybean is the optimal,therefore,it can be promoted in red upland of Jiangxi.