Abstract: ObjectiveDNA of Fargesia spathacea Franch.were introgressed into rice by pollen-tube pathway,then genetic background,agronomic traits and yield of rice were analyzed to provide reference for rice genetics and breeding.MethodDNA of F.spathacea were introgressed into four rice varieties(9311,Huazhan,Q7 and Yanghui 22)by pollen-tube pathway.The lines whose phenotypes were different from receptor materials were selected to self-breed till they were stable.Then genetic background differences between variant lines and receptor materials were identified by the screened 49 pairs of SSR markers.Cross combinations were established by variant lines with different genetic background and two sterile lines(3S and 6303S),and their differences in agronomic traits were analyzed.ResultThe results showed that af-ter DNA of F.spathacea were introgressed into rice receptor materials and let them self-bred,21 variant lines(T1-T21) that could transmit stably were obtained.Among them,variations of 9311,Huazhan,Q7 and Yanghui 22 were 4.85%, 1.30%,2.35% and 2.65% respectively.Genetic background of the variant lines were analyzed by SSR markers.Among the 49 pairs of SSR markers,the variant lines were different from the receptor materials in 2-24 pairs of SSR markers;and among 24 pairs of standard primers,there were differences in 0-11 pairs.The results showed variation brought by po-llen-tube pathway was random. The hybrid combinations by variant lines with various genetic backgrounds and sterile lines had various agronomic traits and yields.Two advantage hybrid combinations,6303S×T10 and 6303S×T20,from the cross combinations were selected.The yields of 6303S×T10 and 6303S×T20 increased by 10.9% and 12.9% than Fengli-angyou 4,a control variety selected from middle-season late-mature indica rice combinations in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River.ConclusionIntrogression of DNA of F.spathacea into rice can obtain variant lines with sta-ble heredity,then obtain advantage hybrid combinations that crosses with them.Introgression of exogenous gene by po-llen-tube pathway is an effective way in rice gerplasm resources innovation and variety breeding.