早熟玉米自交系主要农艺性状配合力分析

Combining ability of main agronomic traits in early-maturing maize inbred lines

  • 摘要: 目的测定8个早熟玉米自交系11个农艺性状的配合力,为广西早熟玉米优势组合选配提供理论依据.方法采用NCII遗传交配设计,对4个新育成早熟玉米自交系和4个已应用于生产的早熟玉米核心自交系11个农艺性状一般配合力及以其为亲本组配的16个杂交组合特殊配合力进行测定.结果16个杂交组合同期播种、同时出苗,吐丝期最长相差6 d,以南6047×M0502吐丝最早;成熟期最长相差5 d,以南6047×M0502成熟最早;平均生育期为99 d,以南31×M0340、南31×南783、M12-5×MWC5和M12-5×南783的生育期最长,均为101 d.不同杂交组合的单株产量、茎粗、穗长、秃尖长、穗粗、行粒数、穗行数和出籽率间存在极显著差异(P<0.01).南31的11个农艺性状一般配合力效应最优,其株高、穗位高、茎粗、穗长、秃尖长、穗粗、行粒数、穗行数、百粒重、出籽率和单株产量的一般配合力效应值分别为0.42、4.95、-2.86、2.85、-22.36、6.13、7.68、5.58、6.15、4.60和12.02;M12-5和M0502单株产量的一般配合力效应值较高(3.48和3.43),以其为亲本可增加F1代的单株产量,组配出高产杂交组合的可能性较大.杂交组合M12-5×南783的单株产量特殊配合力效应值最高(23.10),其次是杂交组合南31×M0502和南6047×MWC5,其单株产量特殊配合力效应值分别为13.45和13.16.结论南31、M0502和M12-5可作为组配早熟高产杂交种的最理想亲本;M12-5、南31和南783的秃尖长一般配合力表现出较高的负向效应,可用来改良秃尖长.M12-5×南783、南31×M0502和南6047× MWC5为苗头组合,可经过多点试验鉴定后进行推广种植.

     

    Abstract: ObjectiveCombining abilities of 11 agronomic traits in 8 early-maturing maize inbred lines were determined to provide reference for selection of early-maturing maize premium combinations in Guangxi.MethodNCII genetic cross design was used to determinate and analyze general combining ability of 11 agronomic traits in four new-bred early-maturing maize in-bred lines and four early-maturing maize core inbred lines applied in production,as well as the specific combining ability of 16 cross combinations with the above mentioned maize lines as parents.ResultThe 16 cross combinations sowed and sprouted at the same time,but their silking stages were different,and the maximum difference was 6 d.The silking stage of South 6047× M0502 occurred first.The mature stages varied within 5 d at most,and the earliest one was South 6047×M0502.The average growth period was 99 d,South 31×M0340,South 31×South 783,M12-5×MWC5 and M12-5×South 783 had the longest growth period(average 101 d).There were significant differences in grain yield per plant,stem diameter,ear length,length of bald tip,ear diameter,kernel number per row,kernel number per row and grain rate among different cross combinations(P<0.01).General combining ability of 11 agronomic traits in South 31 had the optimal performance.Their effect values of general combining ability in plant height,ear height,stem diameter,ear length,length of bald tip,ear diameter,ear row,kernel number per row,100-grain weight,grain rate and grain yield per plant were 0.42,4.95,-2.86,2.85,-22.36,6.13,7.68, 5.58,6.15,4.60 and 12.02 respectively.Using these two as parents could increase grain yield per plant of F1 generation,and the possibility of high yield cross combinations was great.The highest effect value of specific combination in grain yield per plant appeared in cross combination M12-5×South 783,and effect values of specific combination in grain yield per plant of South 31×M0502 and South 6047×MWC5 were 13.45 and 13.16 respectively.ConclusionSouth 31,M0502 and M12-5 can be used as the idealest parents for the combination of early-maturing and high-yield hybrids.The general combining abilities in bald tip of M12-5,South 31 and South 783 present great negative effects,which can be used to improve bald tip. M12-5×Southe 783,South 31×M0502 and South 6047×MWC5 as super combination can be promoted after tests and identifica-tion in multiple sites.

     

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