Abstract: Objective In this study,the technology of microspore culture of eggplant was studied to provide technical support for the application of haploid breeding of eggplant,Method Six eggplant varieties with various genotypes were used as experimental materials to conduct microspore culture.The effects of factors such as genotype,anther pretreatment,anther wall tissue and donor plant development environment on microspore culture were studied.Result Callus could be induced from the six cultivated varieties.But callus induction frequency was very different.Callus induction frequencies of varieties No.37 and No.128 were extremely significantly higher than those of other varieties (P<0.01,the same as below).Regenerated plants were obtained from variety No.37 only,with five haploid plants and eight double haploid plants.High temperature (36 ℃) heat shock treatment was essential to microspore culture of eggplant,the best treatment time was 6 d.Low temperature pretreatment (4 ℃) could not induct callus through dedifferentiation of microspores,but it could greatly improve callus induction frequency.Anther pretreatment with low temperature(4 ℃) for 6 d plus high temperature (36 ℃) treatment for 6 d had the optimal effects,and callus induction frequency was 60.0 callus/anther.Co-cultivation of microspores with anther wall tissue improved callus induction frequency,and the best treatment time was 8-12 d.Callus induction frequency of donor plants in field condition was extremely significantly higher than that in greenhouse conditions.Conclusion Low temperature (4 ℃) for 6 d+high temperature (36 ℃) for 6 d in field condition on anther of eggplant varieties No.37 and No.128 can achieve the best microspore callus induction effect.