Abstract: ObjectiveTo provide references for pepper seed multiplication in areas which were lack of facilities or with bad weather condition,effects of different treatments at flowering stage on yield and quality of seed of seed-breeding peppers were analyzed. MethodWith A014 as materials,the peppers were cultivated in the open. Three treatments, re-maining different bud levels at flowering stage,spraying times of monopotassium phosphate(KH2PO4) on leaves and vari-ous isolation methods for bud at flowering stage,were set. The corresponding natural fruit bearing ways were controls(CK1, CK2 and CK3). Fruit-setting number,1000-seed weight,germination rate and yield of pepper seed were analyzed. ResultThe results showed that,1000-seed weight of peppers remaining 2-6 bud levels(3.3002 g) was extremly significantly higher than that of CK1 and 7-10 levels(P<0.01),and the germination rate of 2-6 bud levels(92.33%) was significantly higher than that of peppers remaining 7-10 bud levels(P<0.05, the same below). However,the average fruit-setting number per plant(31.57) was significantly lower than that of peppers remaining 7-10 bud levels. Plot yield of seed in remaining 2-6 bud levels group(38.40 g) was significantly higher than that of CK1,but there was no significant difference between it and remaining 7-10 bud levels(P>0.05, the same below).1000-seed weight(2.8839 g) and germination rate(90.33%) of foliar spraying(KH2PO4 twice treatment were higher than those of CK2 and foliar spraying KH2PO4 only once. However there was no significant difference between foliar spraying KH2PO4 once treatment and CK2 for 1000-seed weight. Average fruit-setting rate in treatment which isolated bud with net(75.95%) was significantly lower than that of CK3,but significantly higher than that of isolated with cotton. ConclusionPepper seed yield and quality will be increased when remaining 2-6 bud levels to bear peppers, isolating bud with net and foliar spraying KH2PO4 twice.