Abstract: ObjectiveThe present study aimed to define the distribution and evolution of Chilli veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV) in Guizhou, and provide scientific evidence for the interaction between gene function of the virus and host plant. MethodThe reverse transcription PCR method(RT-PCR) was used to amplify the suspected ChiVMV pepper sam-ples that collected from Guiyang, Zunyi, Qianxi and Dafang. Subsequently, the PCR products were amplified and se-quenced. Sequence splicing and analysis of ChiVMV CP gene and 3'-UTR were performed by DNAMAN, and the phyloge-netic tree was established by MEGA. ResultSeven positive samples were detected from thirty-nine samples of suspected ChiVMV peppers, the detection rate was 17.95%. Partial CP and 3'-UTR sequences of ChiVMV strain in Guizhou were compared with nucleotide sequence in NCBI. They showed the highest homology with the ChiVMV strain from Sichuan pepper, which was 99%. And their homology with ChiVMV strain in other provinces were above 90%. The phylogenetic tree also showed that the relationship between Guizhou strains, Sichuan strains, Yunnan strains were the closest. Conclu-sionChiVMV strains have obvious plant differentiation in Guizhou.