不同砧木嫁接对桂脐1号脐橙幼树生长及光合特性的影响

Effects of different rootstocks on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of young Guiqi 1 navel orange trees

  • 摘要: 【目的】观察桂脐1号脐橙与不同砧木的嫁接亲和性、嫁接后树体长势和光合特性,为确定桂脐1号配套砧木提供参考。【方法】在桂枳一号、山东枳壳、龙州土柠檬、大新腊月柑、金宝酸桔和滑皮金柑6种砧木上嫁接桂脐1号,观察、测定其亲和力、树体生长势、光合日变化等指标。【结果】6种供试砧木中金宝酸桔与桂脐1号嫁接亲和性较差,大新腊月柑与桂脐1号亲和性最好,龙州土柠檬和滑皮金柑与桂脐1号嫁接亲和性良好,山东枳壳和桂枳一号与桂脐1号嫁接后均表现出不同程度的“大脚”现象,嫁接亲和性中等;不同砧木对桂脐1号树体各项生长指标的影响不同,且不同树龄砧木的影响也不同;各砧穗组合的Pn日变化有单峰、双峰、多峰曲线,光合能力大小为桂脐1号/桂枳一号>桂脐1号/金宝酸桔>桂脐1号/山东枳壳>桂脐1号/大新腊月柑>桂脐1号/滑皮金柑>桂脐1号/龙州土柠檬;水分利用率大小为桂脐1号/金宝酸桔>桂脐1号/滑皮金柑>桂脐1号/桂枳一号>桂脐1号/大新腊月柑>桂脐1号/山东枳壳>桂脐1号/龙州土柠檬;金宝酸桔、大新腊月柑、滑皮金柑和山东枳壳出现非气孔限制,而桂枳一号和龙州土柠檬的“光合”午休是由气孔限制和非气孔限制共同作用的结果。【结论】大新腊月柑与桂脐1号嫁接后幼树各项生理指标表现较佳,可作桂脐1号配套砧木使用。

     

    Abstract: ObjectiveEffects of different rootstocks on grafting affinity, growth vigor, and photosynthetic characteristics of young Guiqi 1 navel orange trees were observed to provide references for determining its matching rootstock. MethodGuiqi 1 navel orange was grafted on six rootstocks (Shandong Poncirus trifoliate, Huapi Fortunalla margarita, Guizhi 1 Poncirus trifoliate, Daxin Citrus reticulata, Longzhou Citrus limonia, and Jinbao Citrus reticulata) to observe its grafting affinity, growth situation and diurnal changes of photosynthesis. ResultGuiqi 1 navel orange and Jinbao Citrus reticulata exhibited poor affinity. The affinity between Daxin Citrus reticulata and Guiqi 1 navel orange was the best. The grafting compatibility between Guiqi 1 and Longzhou Citrus limonia or Huapi Fortunalla margarita was good. There was medium grafting compatibility between Shandong Poncirus trifoliata or Guizhi 1 Poncirus trifoliata and Guiqi 1. However, big foot phenomenon occurred when Guiqi 1 navel orange was grafted on Shandong Poncirus trifoliata or Guizhi 1 Poncirus trifoliate and their grafting affinity was moderate. Different rootstocks and ages played different roles in the growth of Guiqi 1. There were unimodal, bimodal or mul-timodal curves of Pn diurnal variation of rootstock-scion combinations. The photosynthetic capacity of rootstock-scion combi-nation from high to low was Guiqi 1/Guizhi 1 Poncirus trifoliate, Guiqi 1/Jinbao Citrus reticulata, Guiqi 1/Shandong Poncirus trifoliate, Guiqi 1/Daxin Citrus reticulata, Guiqi 1/Huapi Fortunalla margarita, and Guiqi 1/Longzhoutu lemon. The water use efficiency of rootstock-scion combination from high to low was Guiqi 1/Jinbao Citrus reticulata, Guiqi 1/Huapi Fortunalla mar-garita, Guiqi 1/Guizhi 1 Poncirus trifoliata, Guiqi 1/Daxin Citrus reticulata, Guiqi 1/Shandong Poncirus trifoliata, and Guiqi 1/Longzhoutu lemon. The Pn variation of Jinbao Citrus reticulata,Daxinlayuegan,Huapi Fortunalla margarita and Shandong Poncirus trifoliate was due to non-stomatal limitation. The Pn variation of Guizhi No.1 Poncirus trifoliata and Longzhoutu lemon was caused by both stomatal limitation and non-stomatal limitation. ConclusionYoung Guiqi 1 navel orange trees that were grafted on Daxin Citrus reticulata performed well in every physiological way, so Daxin Citrus reticulata could be used as the rootstock for Guiqi 1 navel orange.

     

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